為了在(zai)反(fan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)洗(xi)(xi)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)也能同(tong)時(shi)(shi)向系統供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，在(zai)首部樞紐往(wang)往(wang)安裝(zhuang)2個(ge)以上(shang)(shang)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)罐。如(ru)圖(tu)1所示，雙罐反(fan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)洗(xi)(xi)砂(sha)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)與反(fan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)洗(xi)(xi)過(guo)(guo)程是通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)一種特制的(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)向閥門(men)(men)來(lai)控制的(de)(de)(de)(de)，當打開三(san)向閥門(men)(men)時(shi)(shi)，閥門(men)(men)向后移動封閉住反(fan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)洗(xi)(xi)管(guan)(guan)進(jin)(jin)口(kou)而讓壓力水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)進(jin)(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)和(he)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)罐進(jin)(jin)口(kou)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)污(wu)物(wu)被砂(sha)粒之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)孔(kong)隙截(jie)(jie)留和(he)浮獲，清潔的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)罐的(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)和(he)集(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)下級管(guan)(guan)道(dao)而送入(ru)到(dao)(dao)灌區。反(fan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)洗(xi)(xi)時(shi)(shi)，關閉其中(zhong)一個(ge)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)罐上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)向閥門(men)(men)，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)也就是打開了該罐的(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)洗(xi)(xi)管(guan)(guan)進(jin)(jin)口(kou)，由另一個(ge)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)罐來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)干凈(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)集(ji)(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)待沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)洗(xi)(xi)罐內，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)反(fan)向流(liu)(liu)過(guo)(guo)砂(sha)床(chuang)時(shi)(shi)使砂(sha)床(chuang)膨脹向上(shang)(shang)，砂(sha)粒之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)間(jian)(jian)距增大，被截(jie)(jie)留在(zai)孔(kong)隙之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)種污(wu)物(wu)被水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)動并帶出(chu)(chu)砂(sha)床(chuang)，經過(guo)(guo)反(fan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)洗(xi)(xi)管(guan)(guan)排出(chu)(chu)罐外，這時(shi)(shi)可以調(diao)節(jie)排污(wu)管(guan)(guan)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)排污(wu)閥，使沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)洗(xi)(xi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)中(zhong)見不到(dao)(dao)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)(lv)砂(sha)流(liu)(liu)出(chu)(chu)即可。如(ru)果在(zai)反(fan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)洗(xi)(xi)時(shi)(shi)流(liu)(liu)量不足，則可以通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)關閉裝(zhuang)在(zai)灌溉供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)閥門(men)(men)減少向灌區的(de)(de)(de)(de)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)量而提高反(fan)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)洗(xi)(xi)流(liu)(liu)量。每次(ci)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)洗(xi)(xi)時(shi)(shi)一定(ding)要沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)到(dao)(dao)使排出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)變清為止(zhi)。

圖1 雙罐反沖洗砂過濾器

1.進水管 2.排污管 3.反(fan)沖(chong)洗(xi)管 4.三向閥 5.過濾(lv)(lv)罐進口 6.過濾(lv)(lv)砂 7.過濾(lv)(lv)罐出(chu)口 8.集水管 9.反(fan)沖(chong)洗(xi)管